The leaders of Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations are meeting on Sunday at a special summit in Tokyo. They are discussing various topics, ranging from security to economic cooperation.

At the opening of the gathering, Japanese Prime Minister Kishida Fumio said the world is at a turning point in history.

He noted that the free and open international order based on the rule of law is being challenged, and that the world is confronted with complex issues, such as climate change and inequality.

He expressed hope to hold frank discussions with his ASEAN partners and come up with specific initiatives for cooperation.

Security and regional affairs were on the agenda in the morning session. The leaders likely exchanged opinions on strengthening security cooperation, including the provision of defense equipment and joint drills. The topic was discussed with China's increasing maritime activities apparently in mind.

The leaders will discuss economic collaboration in the afternoon, and plan to issue a joint statement and other outcome documents.

This year marks 50 years of friendship and cooperation between Japan and ASEAN.

Observers say Kishida is seeking to further develop the partnership that has been built up to maintain peace and stability in the region.